analogous structure
structure that has the same function but different construction and was not inherited from a common ancestor
Analogous structure is a term used in biology to describe structures in different organisms that have similar functions and look alike, but evolved independently and do not share common ancestry. These structures are similar in their functions but differ in their evolutionary lineage, origin and development. For instance, wings of birds, insects and bats are all examples of analogous structures as they share similar structures and functions in flying, but evolved independently in each group of organisms.
Analogous structures arise due to convergent evolution, where unrelated organisms independently evolve similar traits to adapt to similar environmental pressures. Thus, analogous structures can be regarded as evidence for adaptation and evolution based on selective pressures posed by the environment. Analogous structures might be homoplastic structures, meaning they have similar functions but do not share any structural similarities.
In summary, analogies are structures that are similar in function and form but have originated independently in different organisms due to convergent evolution, rather than due to a common ancestor.
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