Etiology:Psychodynamic Views
· See personality disorders as resulting from disturbances in the parent – child relationship particularly in problems related to separation – individuation· Process which by the child learns that he or she is an individual separate from Mother or other people as a result acquires a sense of him/herself as an independent person· Difficulties in this process results in either an in adequate sense of self or problems in dealing with other people· Served to bolster other environmental theories of personality disorders particularly attachment theory and learning based theories
The psychodynamic perspective in psychology emphasizes the role of unconscious motives and desires in shaping human behavior. The etiology, or the causes, of psychological problems in this view are rooted in unresolved conflicts between different parts of the psyche, especially the conscious and unconscious mind.
According to Sigmund Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis, the mind is divided into three parts – the conscious mind, the preconscious mind, and the unconscious mind. The conscious mind is the part of the psyche that is aware of one’s thoughts, feelings, and actions at any given moment. The preconscious mind contains information that is not currently in awareness but can be easily brought into awareness when needed. The unconscious mind, on the other hand, contains thoughts, feelings, and memories that are outside of conscious awareness but still influence behavior.
Psychological problems occur when unconscious desires or conflicts are not resolved and continue to impact the individual’s behavior. For example, if a person has unresolved conflicts related to their childhood or past experiences, these conflicts can manifest as anxiety or depression. In this view, symptoms are considered to be a result of the underlying conflict rather than the problem itself.
Psychoanalytic therapy is one approach to treat psychological problems from a psychodynamic perspective. The goal of therapy is to bring unconscious conflicts into conscious awareness and to resolve them through various techniques such as free association, dream analysis, and interpretation. By doing so, the patient can develop insight into their behavior and make changes to improve their emotional well-being.
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