9th Amendment
Citizens entitled to rights not listed in the Constitution
The 9th Amendment is a provision in the United States Constitution that addresses the concept of unenumerated rights. It states that “The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.”
This amendment means that just because certain rights are not explicitly listed in the Constitution, it does not mean that those rights do not exist. Essentially, the amendment recognizes that there are other rights that are protected by the Constitution beyond those specifically listed in the Bill of Rights (the first ten amendments to the Constitution).
The 9th Amendment is often invoked in cases where a right is not explicitly listed but is foundational to the protection of other explicitly protected rights, such as privacy, freedom of conscience and religion, and other personal freedoms. The amendment has been used in cases involving abortion rights, marriage equality, and other civil rights issues where the courts have recognized unenumerated rights.
Overall, the 9th Amendment is an important provision in the Constitution that recognizes the existence of fundamental, unenumerated rights and helps to ensure that those rights are protected by the law.
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