apartheid
the segregation of blacks in South Aftrica from 1948-1994
Apartheid is a term that refers to a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination that existed in South Africa from 1948 until the early 1990s. The term ‘apartheid’ comes from Afrikaans – one of South Africa’s official languages – and means “apartness” or “separateness”.
Under apartheid, black South Africans were legally designated as inferior and subjected to a range of discriminatory laws and policies that restricted their freedom of movement, education, employment opportunities, and political participation. Apartheid also institutionalized the division of the South African population into racial categories, with non-whites being systematically excluded from areas reserved for whites.
The policies of apartheid were implemented by the white supremacist government of South Africa, which maintained its hold on power by force, intimidation, and oppression. The rise of opposition to apartheid both within and outside of South Africa led to a series of protests, boycotts, and international sanctions that finally brought an end to the system in the early 1990s.
Today, apartheid is widely recognized as a crime against humanity and a gross violation of human rights. Its legacy can still be felt in South African society, which continues to grapple with the inequalities and injustices created by decades of racial segregation and discrimination.
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