Understanding the Cognitive Learning Theory: Active Engagement, Critical Thinking, and Metacognition in Meaningful Learning Experiences.

cognitive learning theory

theory of learning that stresses the importance of internal mental processes and that views people as problem solvers who actively use information from the world around them to master their environment

The cognitive learning theory proposes that learning is an active process that involves the acquisition of knowledge and understanding through experiences and thinking. It emphasizes the role of mental processes and internal factors in learning, rather than solely external factors.

The theory suggests that learners actively engage with new information by processing it at different cognitive levels, such as memorization, comprehension, analysis, evaluation, and creation. It also suggests that learners constantly make connections between their existing knowledge and the new information they encounter, resulting in the creation of cognitive structures or mental frameworks that help them organize knowledge and retain it in long-term memory.

In cognitive learning theory, the role of the teacher is to facilitate learning through various strategies that promote active engagement, problem-solving, critical thinking, and metacognition. Examples of such strategies include scaffolding, modeling, questioning, feedback, and reflection.

From an instructional design standpoint, this theory suggests that learning should be presented in a way that supports cognitive processes. This could include providing multiple examples and opportunities for practice, encouraging learners to make connections to prior knowledge, and encouraging deep processing through meaningful activities.

Overall, the cognitive learning theory provides insight into the internal processes involved in learning and highlights the importance of active engagement, critical thinking, and metacognition in facilitating meaningful learning experiences.

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