Gene
A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
A gene is a specific segment of DNA that contains the instructions for creating a particular protein or RNA molecule. In other words, it is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity that is passed down from one generation to the next through the process of reproduction. Genes play a fundamental role in determining an organism’s traits, such as physical characteristics, behavior, and susceptibility to certain diseases. Humans have an estimated 20,000 to 25,000 genes, and the study of genes and their functions is known as genetics. Advances in genetic research have led to many important medical and scientific discoveries, including the identification and treatment of genetic disorders and the development of genetically modified organisms.
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