Top down processing
Processing guided by higher level of mental processing
Top-down processing is a type of information processing that is driven by prior knowledge and contextual factors. It is a cognitive approach that involves using pre-existing knowledge and expectations to make sense of incoming information.
When we use top-down processing, we start with a broad understanding of a situation and then fill in the specific details. For example, if we see a person wearing a lab coat and holding a clipboard, we may automatically assume that they are a scientist. This is because our prior knowledge and expectations tell us that scientists typically wear lab coats and use clipboards in their work.
Top-down processing can be beneficial because it allows us to quickly process information with minimal effort. However, it can also lead to errors if our prior knowledge is incorrect or if we make assumptions based on incomplete or misleading information.
In education, top-down processing can be used to help students generate hypotheses or make predictions based on prior knowledge or contextual factors. Teachers can use this approach to encourage students to think critically and use their existing knowledge to make sense of new information. Additionally, top-down processing can be used to help students identify patterns and make connections between different pieces of information.
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