Central Nervous System
The part of the nervous system which in vertebrates consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and which supervises and coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system.
The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and the spinal cord. It is responsible for receiving and processing information from the body’s senses and controlling all of the body’s functions. The brain is the most complex organ in the human body, weighing about 3 pounds and containing billions of neurons that communicate with one another through a series of electrical and chemical signals.
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tube-like structure that runs from the base of the brain to the lower back. It is protected by the vertebrae and serves as a relay between the brain and the rest of the body. Information from the body’s senses travels up the spinal cord to the brain, and instructions for movement and other functions are sent back down through the spinal cord.
The CNS plays a critical role in the body’s ability to react and adapt to changes in the environment. It is responsible for controlling movement, regulating the body’s temperature, monitoring and adjusting its internal environment, and processing information from the senses. In addition, the CNS is involved in more complex functions such as learning, memory, and emotions.
Many disorders can affect the CNS, including neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, traumatic brain injuries, and developmental disorders such as autism. Researchers are working to better understand how the CNS functions in order to develop new treatments and therapies for these and other conditions.
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