Normal humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes for a total of 46 chromosomes. One set of chromosomes (23) comes from the mother and the other set (23) comes from the father. Of these 23 pairs, 22 pairs are known as autosomes, and the 23rd pair determines the person’s sex. Females have two X chromosomes (XX), while males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome (XY).
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