What are the parts of a bacteriophage?
Nucleic acid (infection instructions), Capsid (Protection, shape), Envelope (extra protection), Collar (supports capsid), Sheath (support), Tail fiber (attachment, pivoting capsid), Spikes (connects to host cell)
A bacteriophage, or simply phage, is a virus that infects and replicates within bacteria. It consists of several parts, including:
1. Head or capsid: It is a protein shell that encloses and protects the phage’s genetic material.
2. Tail: It is a long, tubular structure that attaches to the bacterium’s surface and injects the genetic material into it.
3. Tail fibers: These are protein projections that extend from the base of the tail and help the phage to recognize and attach to specific receptors on the bacterium’s surface.
4. Baseplate: It is the structure at the base of the tail that helps to hold the tail fibers in place and ensures a secure attachment to the bacterium.
5. DNA or RNA: It is the genetic material of the phage and contains the information required for the replication of the phage within the host bacterium.
Overall, the different parts of a bacteriophage work in a coordinated manner to ensure the successful infection and replication of the virus within the host bacterium.
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