It is true that Graves disease isa. a secondary endocrine disorder.b. associated with autoantibodies to TSH receptors.c. characterized by high serum TSH levels.d. untreatable.
Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland, leading to overactivity (hyperthyroidism)
Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland, leading to overactivity (hyperthyroidism). Let’s go through each statement to determine which one is true.
a. Graves disease is not a secondary endocrine disorder. It is considered a primary disorder because it originates within the thyroid gland itself, as a result of autoantibodies targeting the TSH receptor on the surface of thyroid cells.
b. This statement is true. In Graves disease, the body produces autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that mimic the action of TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone). These autoantibodies bind to and activate the TSH receptors on thyroid cells, leading to excessive production and release of thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine or T3 and thyroxine or T4).
c. This statement is not accurate. Graves disease is characterized by low serum TSH levels rather than high. In the normal feedback loop, when there is excess thyroid hormone in the bloodstream, it suppresses the release of TSH from the pituitary gland. In Graves disease, the constant stimulation of the TSH receptors by the autoantibodies leads to continuous synthesis and release of thyroid hormones, causing TSH levels to be suppressed.
d. Graves disease is a treatable condition. There are various treatment options available to manage and control the symptoms. These include anti-thyroid medications, such as methimazole or propylthiouracil, which reduce the production of thyroid hormones. Radioactive iodine therapy may be recommended to destroy thyroid cells, particularly if medications fail or in cases of recurrence. In severe cases or when other treatments are not well-tolerated, surgery to remove part or all of the thyroid gland may be considered.
It’s important to consult with a healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis, treatment plan, and regular monitoring of thyroid hormone levels in individuals with suspected or diagnosed Graves disease.
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