A thyroid gland that grows larger than normal is known asa. cretinism.b. myxedema.c. goiter.d. colloidosis.
The correct answer is c
c. goiter.
A goiter is the medical term used to describe an enlarged thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck, just below the Adam’s apple. It produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development.
When the thyroid gland becomes larger than normal, it is often due to an underlying problem with hormone production or gland function. There are several potential causes of goiter, including:
1. Iodine deficiency: Iodine is an essential mineral required for the production of thyroid hormones. In regions where iodine is lacking in the diet, the thyroid gland may enlarge in an attempt to compensate for the deficiency.
2. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: This is an autoimmune disease in which the body’s own immune system mistakenly attacks and damages the thyroid gland. Over time, the thyroid may become enlarged and develop a goiter.
3. Graves’ disease: This is another autoimmune disorder where the immune system stimulates the thyroid gland to produce excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. The increased stimulation can lead to goiter formation.
4. Thyroid nodules: Nodules are abnormal growths that can form within the thyroid gland. Sometimes these nodules can cause the thyroid to enlarge and result in a goiter.
Symptoms of goiter can vary depending on its size and underlying cause. Common symptoms include a visible swelling or lump in the neck, difficulty swallowing or breathing, hoarseness, and sometimes symptoms associated with underlying thyroid dysfunction such as weight changes, fatigue, or heat/cold intolerance.
Treatment for goiter depends on the underlying cause. If the goiter is due to iodine deficiency, iodine supplementation may be prescribed. In cases where the goiter causes significant symptoms or if there is suspicion of cancer or nodules, a doctor may recommend further evaluation, such as blood tests, ultrasound imaging, or a biopsy.
It is important to remember that goiters can be managed effectively with appropriate medical care. If you suspect you have a goiter or are concerned about the health of your thyroid gland, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.
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