Iodine Deficiency and Thyroid Hormone Synthesis: The Importance of Adequate Intake

It is true that the synthesis of thyroid hormonesa. is increased by thyrotropin-inhibiting factor.b. occurs in perifollicular C cells.c. is stimulated by ACTH.d. is inhibited by iodine deficiency.

The correct answer is d

The correct answer is d. The synthesis of thyroid hormones is inhibited by iodine deficiency.

Thyroid hormones, primarily triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), are synthesized in the thyroid gland. This process, known as thyroid hormone synthesis, is regulated by various factors.

Thyrotropin-inhibiting factor (TIF) is not involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. TIF is a hypothetical substance with no known physiological function.

Perifollicular C cells, also known as parafollicular cells, are a separate group of cells in the thyroid gland that are responsible for producing calcitonin, a hormone involved in calcium regulation. These cells do not participate in the synthesis of thyroid hormones.

ACTH, or adrenocorticotropic hormone, is released by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the production and release of cortisol by the adrenal glands. It does not directly stimulate the synthesis of thyroid hormones.

Iodine is an essential element required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Both T3 and T4 contain iodine atoms, with T4 containing four iodine atoms and T3 containing three. In the absence of sufficient iodine, the synthesis of thyroid hormones is impaired. This can lead to conditions like goiter (enlargement of the thyroid gland) and hypothyroidism (insufficient levels of thyroid hormones). Importantly, iodine deficiency can be prevented or treated by ensuring an adequate intake of iodine through diet or supplementation.

In conclusion, the synthesis of thyroid hormones is inhibited by iodine deficiency. Other factors mentioned in the options, such as thyrotropin-inhibiting factor, perifollicular C cells, and ACTH, do not directly influence thyroid hormone synthesis.

More Answers: