trachea (windpipe)
C- shaped ring of cartilage (c-shaped to allow esophagus to expand)
The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is a tube-like structure that connects the larynx (voice box) with the bronchi of the lungs. Its main function is to allow air to pass from the mouth and nose to the lungs and vice versa.
The trachea is made up of rings of cartilage, which provide structural support and prevent it from collapsing when air pressure changes during breathing. The inner lining of the trachea is lined with ciliated epithelial cells, which are hair-like structures that move in a coordinated manner to sweep mucus and any foreign particles up and out of the respiratory system.
The trachea is also responsible for humidifying and warming the air that enters the lungs. As the air passes through the trachea, it encounters small glands that produce mucus. This mucus helps to trap any dust or dirt particles that may have been inhaled. The air is also warmed and humidified, which helps prevent the delicate tissues of the lungs from drying out.
Overall, the trachea plays a critical role in breathing and maintaining a healthy respiratory system. Any damage or obstruction to the trachea can lead to serious respiratory problems and even life-threatening conditions.
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