derivative chromosome
abnormal chromosome comprised of rearranged parts from two or more unidentified chromosomes joined to a normal chromosome
A derivative chromosome is a type of chromosome that results from a structural rearrangement, such as a translocation or an inversion, that alters the position or orientation of genes along the chromosome. These rearrangements can occur spontaneously or due to exposure to radiation or chemicals.
In a translocation, two non-homologous chromosomes exchange segments, resulting in one or more derivative chromosomes with a combination of genetic material from both chromosomes. In an inversion, a segment of a single chromosome breaks and reattaches in the opposite orientation, resulting in a derivative chromosome with the genes in a different order.
Derivative chromosomes can have significant effects on an individual’s health and development, depending on the genes that are affected and the extent of the rearrangement. Some derivative chromosomes may not cause any noticeable effects, while others may result in genetic disorders or developmental delays.
Detection of derivative chromosomes can be done through karyotyping or other genetic tests, allowing for diagnosis and appropriate management or treatment.
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