Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
Contain carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds.
An unsaturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon molecule that contains one or more double or triple bonds between atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are classified as alkenes, alkynes, or aromatic hydrocarbons based on their bonding patterns.
Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n and are commonly used in the manufacture of plastics, synthetic fibers, and other industrial products. Examples of alkenes include ethene or ethylene (C2H4), propene or propylene (C3H6), and butene or butylene (C4H8).
Alkynes are hydrocarbons that contain one or more triple bonds between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n-2 and are used in the production of high-strength materials, such as acrylic fibers and synthetic rubber. Examples of alkynes include ethyne or acetylene (C2H2), propyne (C3H4), and butyne (C4H6).
Aromatic hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons that contain a ring of atoms with alternating double bonds. They have the general formula CnH2n-6 and are used in the production of dyes, plastics, and other industrial products. Examples of aromatic hydrocarbons include benzene (C6H6), toluene (C7H8), and naphthalene (C10H8).
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are more reactive than saturated hydrocarbons because the double or triple bonds can be broken, allowing for the formation of new chemical bonds with other atoms or molecules. This makes unsaturated hydrocarbons useful in a wide range of industrial applications.
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