Amide
-CONH2, -CONHR, -CONR2
An amide is a functional group that contains a nitrogen atom attached to a carbonyl carbon atom. It is formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an amine. Amides have a planar structure due to resonance between the nitrogen lone pair and the carbonyl double bond. They are polar molecules due to the electronegativity difference between nitrogen and carbon, which results in a partial positive charge on the carbonyl carbon and a partial negative charge on the nitrogen atom. Amides have higher boiling points than corresponding hydrocarbons due to hydrogen bonding between the nitrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent molecules.
Amides play an important role in biological systems, such as in proteins and nucleotides. They are also used in the production of polymers, pharmaceuticals, and as solvents in various industries. The properties and reactivity of amides can be modified by substituting different groups on the nitrogen or carbonyl carbon atoms, allowing for a wide range of applications.
More Answers:
Exploring the Versatile Applications of Carbon – From Diamonds to NanotechnologyThe Importance of Isomerism in Chemistry: Structural, Geometric, and Stereo Isomers Explained
Understanding Anhydrides: Types, Formation, and Role in Chemical Reactions