Carbonyl group
– suffix al- Common names include * formaldehyde for methanal (R = H)* Acetyldehyde for ethanal ( R = CH3)* Propionaldehyde for propanal (R = CH3CH2)
The carbonyl group is a functional group in organic chemistry consisting of a carbon atom that is double-bonded to an oxygen atom. It can be depicted in a condensed structural formula as “C=O” and is generally found in compounds known as carbonyl compounds.
Carbonyl compounds are ubiquitous in organic chemistry and biology, and their properties and reactivity are heavily influenced by the electronic and steric effects of the substituents attached to the carbon and oxygen atoms. In general, carbonyl compounds tend to have higher boiling points and greater polarity than similar compounds lacking a carbonyl group, due to the strong dipole moment of the C=O bond.
Carbonyl groups play an important role in a variety of chemical reactions. For example, they are involved in nucleophilic addition reactions with nucleophiles like amines, alcohols, and hydrogen sulfides. They can also undergo condensation reactions with other carbonyl compounds to form larger molecules, such as aldol condensations and Claisen condensations.
Overall, the carbonyl group is an important functional group in organic chemistry that is found in a wide range of compounds and plays a key role in many reactions and processes.
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