Isomerism, Chirality, and Stereoisomerism in Science

Stereochemistry: (a) S___________ + (b) __________ –> Isomerism(c) ___________ + (d) D___________ –> (h) ___________(e) ___________ + (f) ___________ –> (a) S___________(h) ___________ + (g) ___________ –> (e) C___________

(a) Stereoisomerism(b) Structural isomerism(c) Enantiomers(d) Diastereomers(e) Configurational isomerism(f) Conformational isomerism(g) ‘cis-trans & E/Z isomerism'(h) optical isomerism

(a) S is short for “sinister,” which means “left-handed.” A molecule that is designated as S isomer is one that rotates plane-polarized light to the left.

(b) R is short for “rectus,” which means “right-handed.” A molecule that is designated as R isomer is one that rotates plane-polarized light to the right.

(c) Isomerism is a phenomenon where two or more molecules or compounds have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms within the molecule. This can be due to different orders in which the atoms are bonded or different positions they occupy in space.

(d) D is short for “dexter,” meaning “right-handed.” A molecule that is designated as D isomer is one that rotates plane-polarized light to the right.

(h) Enantiomers are the two mirror-image molecules that are non-superimposable on each other. They are also designated as S and R isomers.

(e) Cis isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism where the groups on the same side of a double bond are present.

(f) Trans isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism where the groups on the opposite side of a double bond are present.

(g) Chiral molecules are those molecules that are non-superimposable on their mirror image. They do not have a plane of symmetry or center of symmetry.

Therefore, the full reaction is:
S + R –> Isomerism
Enantiomers + D –> Chiral molecules
Cis + Trans –> S
Chiral molecules + Chiral molecules –> Cis

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