presentation of graves disease
proptosis, lid retraction/incomplete closure, diplopia, corneal ulcers
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland, causing it to produce too much thyroid hormone. This overproduction can lead to hyperthyroidism, which is characterized by a variety of symptoms. The following are some of the key features of Graves’ disease:
1. Enlargement of the thyroid gland: The thyroid gland, which is located at the front of the neck, can become swollen or enlarged due to increased activity.
2. Eye changes: Some people with Graves’ disease can develop a condition known as Graves’ ophthalmopathy, which causes the eyes to bulge outwards or become inflamed. This can lead to eye pain, double vision, and sensitivity to light.
3. Weight loss: Hyperthyroidism can cause weight loss, even when a person is eating normally.
4. Increased heart rate: Too much thyroid hormone can stimulate the heart to beat faster, which can cause palpitations or a racing pulse.
5. Nervousness and anxiety: Hyperthyroidism can also cause feelings of nervousness, anxiety, or irritability.
6. Heat intolerance: People with Graves’ disease may find that they are more sensitive to heat, and may experience sweating or hot flashes.
7. Fatigue: Despite the increased activity of the thyroid gland, many people with Graves’ disease experience fatigue and weakness.
8. Muscle weakness: Hyperthyroidism can cause muscle weakness and trembling.
Overall, Graves’ disease is a complex disorder that can cause a range of symptoms. It is important for people with suspected Graves’ disease to be evaluated by a healthcare provider, who can diagnose the condition and recommend appropriate treatment.
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