Measuring Tear Production: The Schirmer Tear Test – A Comprehensive Guide for Ophthalmologists and Veterinarians

Schirmer Tear Test use

The Schirmer Tear Test is a diagnostic test used by ophthalmologists and veterinarians to measure tear production in the eyes

The Schirmer Tear Test is a diagnostic test used by ophthalmologists and veterinarians to measure tear production in the eyes. Tears are essential for maintaining the health and lubrication of the cornea, the transparent front part of the eye.

The procedure involves placing a small strip of filter paper, known as a Schirmer strip, inside the lower eyelid. The strip has a graded marking, allowing for easy measurement of tear production. The patient or subject is then asked to close their eyes for a period of five minutes, during which time the paper absorbs tears from the eye.

After five minutes, the strip is removed, and the length of the wetted portion is measured. This measurement indicates the quantity of tears produced during that time. Generally, values below 10 millimeters (mm) are considered low tear production and may suggest a condition known as dry eye syndrome or keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

There are two different versions of the Schirmer Tear Test – Schirmer I and Schirmer II. Schirmer I test measures basal tear production, while Schirmer II test evaluates reflex tear production. Reflex tears are stimulated by irritation or emotions, such as when a person cries.

The Schirmer Tear Test is a safe and non-invasive procedure, but it may cause mild discomfort to the patient due to the presence of the paper strip. Some factors, such as medications, systemic diseases, or recent eye surgeries, can affect tear production and may influence the results. Therefore, it is important to communicate any relevant medical history to the healthcare professional conducting the test.

Overall, the Schirmer Tear Test provides valuable information about tear production and helps diagnose dry eye conditions. It assists in determining appropriate treatment options, such as artificial tears, prescription medications, or procedures that aid tear production.

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