Newton concluded that some force had to act on the Moon because
a force is needed to pull the Moon away from straight-line motion
Newton concluded that some force had to act on the Moon because of its observed orbital motion around the Earth. The Moon moves in an elliptical orbit around the Earth, which means it is constantly changing its distance from the Earth. This motion is due to the gravitational force between the Moon and the Earth.
According to Newton’s laws of motion, any object moving in a circular or elliptical path must be under the influence of a force. In the case of the Moon, this force is the gravitational force between it and the Earth. This force keeps the Moon from flying off into space or crashing into the Earth.
Newton’s law of gravity states that every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Therefore, the Moon is attracted towards the Earth, and the Earth is attracted towards the Moon. This attraction causes the Moon to orbit the Earth and the Earth to orbit the Sun.
In summary, Newton concluded that some force had to act on the Moon because of its observed orbital motion around the Earth, which is due to the gravitational force between the Moon and the Earth, as described by Newton’s laws of motion and gravity.
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