What is mRNA?
messenger RNA carries the DNA message from the nucleus to the ribosomes
mRNA stands for messenger RNA, which is a type of RNA molecule that carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes, the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. mRNA is transcribed from DNA in the nucleus of the cell and then travels to the cytoplasm, where it interacts with ribosomes to direct the synthesis of specific proteins.
The process of protein synthesis begins with the binding of mRNA to a ribosome, which “reads” the genetic code in the mRNA sequence and matches it to the appropriate amino acid. The ribosome then links amino acids together in the correct sequence to form a polypeptide chain, which folds into a functional protein.
mRNA is a crucial component of the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins. By carrying genetic information from DNA to ribosomes, mRNA plays a fundamental role in the process of gene expression and the synthesis of all proteins in the body.
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