What are prokaryotic cells?
Cells without a nucleus
Prokaryotic cells are simple, unicellular organisms that lack a distinct nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They are considered to be the earliest forms of life on Earth and are found in a wide range of environments, including soil, water, and even inside other living organisms.
Prokaryotic cells are characterized by their small size, typically ranging from 0.1-5.0 micrometers in diameter. They maintain their shape through the use of a strong cell wall that protects the cell from mechanical and chemical damage, and also provides a barrier against osmotic pressure.
The genetic material in prokaryotes is contained within a single, circular chromosome that is located in the cytoplasm. This chromosome is not enclosed within a nucleus, as it is in eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes also have smaller, circular pieces of DNA known as plasmids, which can be passed between cells and can carry genes that confer antibiotic resistance or other traits.
Overall, prokaryotic cells are important for many reasons, including their crucial roles in nutrient cycling, biological productivity, and genetic diversity on Earth.
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