A product that is placed onto intact skin to deliver the drug to the systemic circulation – they are designed for prolonged drug release (up to 7 days)
The product you are describing is known as a transdermal patch
The product you are describing is known as a transdermal patch. Transdermal patches are specifically designed to deliver drugs to the systemic circulation (the bloodstream) through intact skin. They are designed for prolonged drug release, typically lasting up to 7 days.
Transdermal patches consist of several layers, each with a specific function. The most important layer is the drug reservoir, which contains the medication. This reservoir is composed of a drug formulation that allows controlled release of the drug over an extended period of time.
The patch also includes an adhesive layer that adheres the patch to the skin. This layer ensures that the patch stays in place and maintains contact with the skin, allowing for efficient drug delivery. Depending on the specific patch design, it may also contain a protective layer on top to prevent drug loss and a backing layer that protects the patch from environmental factors.
When a transdermal patch is applied to the skin, the drug molecules gradually diffuse through the layers of the patch and into the skin. From there, the drug molecules pass through the different layers of the skin until they reach the blood vessels, where they enter the systemic circulation.
The release of the drug from the patch is usually controlled by various mechanisms such as drug solubility, diffusion, and chemical or physical properties of the drug formulation. These mechanisms ensure a consistent and controlled release of the medication over the desired duration, usually resulting in a stable and therapeutically effective drug concentration in the bloodstream.
One advantage of transdermal patches is that they provide a convenient and non-invasive route of drug administration. They eliminate the need for injections or frequent dosing and allow for a more constant drug concentration in the bloodstream, avoiding the peaks and troughs that can occur with other drug delivery methods. This can be especially beneficial for drugs that require continuous and sustained release to maintain their therapeutic effect.
It is important to note that not all drugs can be delivered effectively via transdermal patches. Factors such as the drug’s molecular weight, size, solubility, and potency can determine whether a drug is suitable for transdermal delivery. Additionally, individual skin characteristics, such as thickness, hydration, and integrity, can also affect drug absorption.
In conclusion, transdermal patches are specifically designed to deliver drugs to the systemic circulation through intact skin. These patches provide prolonged drug release over a period of up to 7 days and offer advantages such as convenience, constant drug levels, and avoidance of frequent dosing. However, the suitability of a drug for transdermal delivery depends on various factors, both related to the drug itself and the individual’s skin characteristics.
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