Unveiling the Functions of Choanocytes: Key Players in the Biology of Sponges

Choanocytes (collar cells)

flagellated cells lining the spongocoel, radial canals, or internal chambers; creates a water current through the canal system; ‘collar’ portions traps/filter

Choanocytes, also known as collar cells, are specialized cells found in sponges. These cells line the inner surface of the sponge body and are responsible for various functions, including nutrition, respiration, and reproduction.

One of the main functions of choanocytes is feeding. They use their flagella to generate water currents that bring in food particles and other small organisms. These particles are then trapped in the collar of the choanocyte, where they are either ingested by the cell or passed on to other cells for digestion.

Another function of choanocytes is respiration. Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occur directly across their cell membranes. This is facilitated by the water currents that they generate, which bring in fresh oxygenated water and remove carbon dioxide-laden water.

Finally, choanocytes also play a role in reproduction. They are involved in the production of gametes, which are sex cells used for sexual reproduction. In some species of sponges, choanocytes can also undergo mitosis to create new sponges.

Overall, choanocytes are crucial components of sponge biology, and their unique properties make them key players in the functioning of sponges in aquatic environments.

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