Understanding Immunity: Types, Functions and Factors that Affect Your Body’s Defense System

Immunity

the state of protection against foreign pathogens or substances (antigens)

Immunity is the body’s ability to protect itself from harmful substances, including viruses, bacteria, parasites, and foreign substances. The immune system is a complex network of organs, cells, and molecules that work together to identify and neutralize these substances.

There are two types of immunity: innate and adaptive. Innate immunity is the immediate response of the body to harmful substances. This includes physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes, as well as cells like neutrophils and natural killer cells that attack and destroy harmful substances.

Adaptive immunity, on the other hand, is a more specific and targeted response that develops over time. This type of immunity involves the production of antibodies and the activation of specific immune cells, like T cells and B cells, that remember and recognize harmful substances they have encountered before.

There are several factors that can affect immunity, including genetics, age, and lifestyle. Certain diseases, medications, and lifestyle factors like diet and exercise can also impact immunity.

To maintain a healthy immune system, it is important to practice good hygiene, get enough sleep, eat a healthy diet, exercise regularly, and manage stress. In addition, vaccination can help to boost immunity and protect against specific diseases.

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