The Crucial Role of IgG Antibodies in Immune Response: Understanding Properties, Functions, and Long-Lasting Protection Against Pathogens

b. IgG: most abundant in serum

IgG, or immunoglobulin G, is the most abundant antibody class found in the serum, which is the clear, watery portion of blood

IgG, or immunoglobulin G, is the most abundant antibody class found in the serum, which is the clear, watery portion of blood. IgG makes up about 75% to 80% of the total antibodies in the bloodstream.

IgG antibodies are produced by plasma cells, which are a type of fully differentiated B lymphocyte (B cell). These antibodies play a crucial role in the immune response by recognizing and binding to foreign substances known as antigens. This binding can neutralize the antigen or mark it for destruction by other immune cells.

There are four subclasses of IgG: IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4. Each subclass has slightly different properties and functions. IgG antibodies are versatile and can activate several immune responses, including opsonization (marking antigens for phagocytosis), activation of complement proteins, and prevention of pathogen entry into cells.

IgG antibodies can be produced in large quantities and have a long half-life in the bloodstream, which enables them to provide long-lasting protection against pathogens. They can also cross the placenta, providing passive immunity to newborns.

In addition to their role in fighting infections, IgG antibodies are involved in autoimmune diseases, as they can recognize and attack self-antigens. Measurement of IgG levels in the blood is often done to assess immune function, diagnose certain diseases, or monitor response to therapy.

In summary, IgG is the most abundant antibody class found in the serum. It plays a vital role in the immune response by recognizing and binding to antigens, and it has various functions, including opsonization, complement activation, and pathogen neutralization. IgG antibodies provide long-lasting immunity and can cross the placenta to protect newborns.

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