In Ptolemy’s system the planets orbit the Earth and not the Sun. How did the system explain the retrograde motion of planets like Jupiter?the Sun moved among the planets, and pulled them out of their circular orbitsthe planets moved in very elongated ellipses, and their speed in orbit changed radically over the course of a yearthe planets were not moving along the ecliptic but all over the celestial spherethe planets moved on a small circle whose center, in turn, circled a point near the Earthyou can’t fool me, Ptolemy’s system did not include ANY explanation of retrograde motion
the planets moved on a small circle whose center, in turn, circled a point near the Earth
The fourth option is correct – according to Ptolemy’s system, the planets moved on a small circle whose center, in turn, circled a point near the Earth. This is known as the “deferent and epicycle” model. The epicycle was a small circle that the planet moved around, while the center of the epicycle moved around a larger circle called the deferent. This allowed for the uneven motion of the planet, which led to retrograde motion as seen from Earth. The epicycle and deferent model was able to explain the retrograde motion of planets like Jupiter within the framework of an Earth-centered universe.
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