How does clostridium piliforme most likely infect the animals?
fecal-oral route -> colonization of intestine -> penetration of entero-hepatic circulation
Clostridium piliforme is a Gram-negative, obligately anaerobic bacterium that is the causative agent of Tyzzer’s disease. It is commonly found in the environment, particularly in soil, fecal matter, and bedding materials, and can infect a variety of animal species, including rodents, rabbits, and horses.
The most likely mode of transmission of C. piliforme is through ingestion or inhalation of spores from contaminated sources, such as food, water, or bedding materials. In laboratory animal facilities, the disease is commonly transmitted through contaminated bedding, cages, and equipment. Moreover, overcrowding and poor hygiene practices may contribute to the spread of the bacterium within animal colonies.
Once the spores are ingested or inhaled, they can germinate and multiply in the intestines or other organs such as the liver and cause severe necrotic lesions resulting in clinical disease with symptoms such as lethargy, diarrhea, anorexia, fever, and death. The disease is often fatal and can rapidly spread among animals in a colony if not properly managed.
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