Ligase
An enzyme that connects two fragments of DNA to make a single fragment
Ligase is an enzyme that plays an important role in the process of DNA replication and repair. It catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between the 3′ hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and the 5′ phosphate group of another nucleotide, leading to the creation of a larger DNA molecule.
In DNA replication, ligase is responsible for sealing the gaps that are left between the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand of DNA. Without ligase, the DNA fragments would remain unconnected and the replication process would not proceed efficiently.
Similarly, in DNA repair mechanisms such as base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair, ligase plays a crucial role in connecting the pieces of DNA that have been cut or excised from the damaged strand. This allows the DNA to be properly repaired and prevents mutations and errors from being introduced into the genome.
Overall, ligase is an important enzyme that helps to maintain the stability and integrity of the DNA molecule, which is essential for the proper functioning of cells and organisms.
More Answers:
Understanding Alleles: The Basis of Genetic Variation and InheritanceUnderstanding Genes: The Functional Units of DNA and Their Role in Organism Development and Disease Susceptibility
Understanding Chromosomes: The Genetic Blueprint of Life