A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive.
incomplete dominance or codominance
incomplete dominance or codominance. In incomplete dominance, neither of the two alleles of a gene is dominant over the other, resulting in a blending or mixture of traits.
When one allele is not completely dominant over the other, an intermediate phenotype is observed. For example, if we consider a flower color trait in snapdragons, the gene for flower color has two alleles: red (R) and white (W). In this case, individuals with the homozygous dominant genotype (RR) will have red flowers, individuals with the homozygous recessive genotype (WW) will have white flowers, and individuals with the heterozygous genotype (RW) will have pink flowers. The red allele does not completely overpower the white allele, but instead, the two alleles blend to produce an intermediate phenotype.
Another possibility is codominance, where both alleles are expressed simultaneously, without any blending. In this case, the traits associated with both alleles are fully expressed. A common example of codominance is found in the ABO blood type system. The ABO gene has three alleles: A, B, and O. Individuals with genotype AA or AO will express the A antigen on their red blood cells, individuals with genotype BB or BO will express the B antigen, and individuals with genotype AB will express both A and B antigens. Individuals with genotype OO will not express either antigen.
To summarize, in incomplete dominance, the traits associated with both alleles blend together to produce an intermediate phenotype, while in codominance, the traits associated with both alleles are expressed simultaneously without any blending.
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