What is the shape of DNA?
The shape of DNA is commonly described as a double helix
The shape of DNA is commonly described as a double helix. It resembles a twisted ladder or spiral staircase. This double helix structure was first proposed by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 and is now widely accepted as the primary structure of DNA.
The double helix is formed by two strands of DNA that are tightly intertwined around a central axis. Each strand consists of a long chain of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA. The nucleotides are connected by phosphodiester bonds that form a sugar-phosphate backbone. The backbone runs along the outside edges of the double helix.
The two strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds formed between complementary nitrogenous bases. There are four types of nitrogenous bases found in DNA: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). Adenine pairs with thymine, while cytosine pairs with guanine. This pairing is known as base pairing or complementary base pairing. The nitrogenous bases are located inside the double helix, forming the “rungs” of the DNA ladder.
The double helix structure of DNA allows for its efficient replication and storage of genetic information. The sequence of nucleotides along the DNA strands carries the genetic code that determines the characteristics and functions of living organisms. The shape of DNA also allows for easy access and transcription of genetic information.
In summary, the shape of DNA is a double helix consisting of two intertwined strands, with a sugar-phosphate backbone on the outside and nitrogenous bases on the inside. This unique structure plays a crucial role in the storage and transmission of genetic information.
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