hydroxyl, phosphate
The 3′ end has a ________ group on the deoxyribose sugar, whereas the 5′ end has a _________ group
Hydroxyl is a functional group that consists of an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom (-OH) that is attached to a carbon skeleton. It is also called the hydroxyl group and is commonly found in alcohols, sugars, and organic acids. Hydroxyl groups confer polarity and reactivity to molecules, which can affect their physical and chemical properties.
Phosphate is a functional group that consists of a phosphorus atom and four oxygen atoms (-PO4). It is found in nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, and phospholipids, which are the main components of cell membranes. The phosphate group is highly negatively charged and can participate in reactions such as phosphorylation, which involves the transfer of a phosphate group from one molecule to another. This process is important in many cellular functions, such as energy production and signal transduction.
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