nitrogenous base
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A nitrogenous base is a type of organic molecule that consists of nitrogen atoms. These bases are the building blocks of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. There are two types of nitrogenous bases: purines and pyrimidines.
Purines include adenine (A) and guanine (G), which have a double-ring structure. Pyrimidines include thymine (T) and cytosine (C) in DNA, and uracil (U) and cytosine (C) in RNA, which have a single-ring structure.
The nitrogenous bases in DNA combine in a specific way, with A always pairing with T and G always pairing with C, to form the rungs of the DNA ladder. The sequence of these nitrogenous bases is what determines the genetic code and ultimately the traits and characteristics of an organism.
Overall, nitrogenous bases are essential for the formation of DNA and RNA, which play crucial roles in the storage and expression of genetic information.
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