Anxiolytics
drugs that are used to treat more severe anxiety by decreasing the excitability of neurons
Anxiolytics, also known as anti-anxiety drugs, are medications that help to relieve anxiety or produce a calming effect in people experiencing anxiety or panic disorders. The most commonly used anxiolytics include benzodiazepines, azapirones, and antidepressants.
Benzodiazepines are a type of anxiolytic that work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. GABA helps to reduce the activity of nerve cells in the brain, which leads to a relaxation or calming effect. Some examples of benzodiazepines include lorazepam, alprazolam, and diazepam.
Azapirones are another type of anxiolytic that work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps to regulate mood and reduce anxiety. Examples of azapirones include buspirone.
Antidepressants are also sometimes used as anxiolytics, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These drugs increase the levels of serotonin in the brain, similar to azapirones, and help to regulate mood and reduce anxiety. Examples of SSRIs include fluoxetine, citalopram, and sertraline.
It’s important to note that anxiolytics can have side effects and may be habit-forming. They should only be used under the guidance and supervision of a healthcare professional, and individuals should never stop taking an anxiolytic medication abruptly without discussing it with their doctor first.
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