Hydrochloric acid
HCl
Hydrochloric acid is a colorless, highly corrosive and pungent smelling inorganic compound that has the chemical formula HCl. It is a strong acid and completely dissociates in water to form hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-). It is commonly used in various industries, such as metallurgy, food processing, and in the production of various chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
Hydrochloric acid is mainly produced through the reaction of hydrogen gas and chlorine gas in the presence of a catalyst. Its concentration is generally expressed in terms of molarity (M) or normality (N). It is highly reactive with many metals, forming metal chlorides and hydrogen gas when in contact with them, and can cause severe burns and eye damage.
Hydrochloric acid is widely used for industrial cleaning, metal etching, and pickling, as well as in the production of organic and inorganic compounds. In medicine, it is used as an aid in digesting food in the stomach and in the treatment of certain acid-related disorders.
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