Sulfide
S²⁻
Sulfide is a chemical compound that contains sulfur in the -2 oxidation state. It is composed of a sulfur atom bonded to another element. The most common sulfides are metal sulfides, in which a metal cation is bonded to a sulfide anion. Examples of metal sulfides include iron sulfide (FeS), copper sulfide (CuS), and zinc sulfide (ZnS).
Sulfides have important industrial applications. For example, iron sulfide (commonly known as pyrite or “fool’s gold”) is used in the production of sulfuric acid. Copper sulfide is used in the production of copper metal. Sulfides are also used in the production of semiconductors and optoelectronic devices.
Sulfides can be found naturally in rocks, minerals, and soil. They are also produced by the decay of organic matter in swamps, bogs, and other wetland environments. Sulfides can be toxic to humans and animals if they are ingested or inhaled in large quantities. Industrial processes that produce sulfides can also contribute to air and water pollution.
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