OH⁻
hydroxide
OH⁻ is a hydroxide ion, which is a negatively charged molecule consisting of one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom. It is a common example of a base and is often found in solutions with a pH greater than 7. When hydroxide ions are dissolved in water, they can react with hydrogen ions (H⁺) to form water (H₂O):
OH⁻ + H⁺ → H₂O
This reaction is called neutralization and is important in many chemical processes, including acid-base titrations and the buffering capacity of solutions. Additionally, hydroxide ions can participate in many other chemical reactions, such as precipitation reactions and redox reactions. OH⁻ ions also play a crucial role in determining the chemical properties of many compounds, such as alcohols and carboxylic acids.
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