SO₄²⁻
sulfate
SO₄²⁻ is a polyatomic ion that has one sulfur atom and four oxygen atoms. It has a net charge of -2, which means that it has gained two extra electrons to attain stability. The sulfur atom is in the +6 oxidation state, and each oxygen atom is in the -2 oxidation state.
SO₄²⁻ can form ionic compounds with many different cations, such as Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, and Fe³⁺. These compounds are called sulfates and they are commonly found in minerals, rocks, and natural waters.
Sulfates are important in many chemical and biological processes. For example, they are used in the production of fertilizers, dyes, and detergents. They can also be found in many food and drink products, such as wine and beer. In the human body, sulfates play a role in detoxification and are important for the health of skin, hair, and nails.
Overall, SO₄²⁻ is an important and versatile chemical species with many applications in industry, agriculture, and medicine.
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