ClO₃⁻¹
Chlorate
The ion ClO₃⁻¹ is called chlorate. It is a polyatomic ion that contains one chlorine atom and three oxygen atoms. The overall charge of the ion is negative, indicating that it has gained one electron.
Chlorate ions are important in many industrial and biological processes. For example, they are used to produce bleach and other oxidizing agents. In biology, chlorate ions can inhibit the production of ATP in some microorganisms, making them useful as antibacterial agents.
The structure of the chlorate ion is trigonal pyramidal. This means that the three oxygen atoms are arranged in a triangular shape around the central chlorine atom, and there is a lone pair of electrons on the chlorine atom. The bond angle between any two oxygen atoms in the ion is 109.5 degrees, which is typical for a tetrahedral geometry.
The chlorate ion can form salts with many other ions, such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium. These salts are generally soluble in water and have a range of uses in industry and agriculture. However, excessive exposure to chlorate ions can be toxic, leading to methemoglobinemia and other health problems.
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