current
the flow of electricity through a conductor
The flow of electricity through a conductor involves the movement of electric charges, which are typically electrons. This flow of charges is driven by an electric field, which is created by a potential difference (voltage) between two points in the conductor. The electric field exerts a force on the charges and causes them to move towards the point of lower potential.
When an electric potential is applied to a conductor, the electric field generated creates a force that pushes electrons through the material. The electrons move in random directions, colliding with atoms along the way, but with a slight overall movement in the direction of the electric field. This overall flow of electrons is called an electric current.
The flow of electricity through a conductor is subject to certain physical laws, like Ohm’s law, which describes the relationship between the current through a conductor and the voltage applied across it, and the resistance of the conductor, which opposes the flow of current.
In summary, the flow of electricity through a conductor involves the movement of electric charges (electrons), driven by an electric field created by a potential difference (voltage) between two points, and subject to physical laws such as Ohm’s law and resistance.
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