Genetics: From DNA to Inherited Traits and Genetic Engineering

Genetics

The science that helps to explain the process of inheritance patterns is called _____

1. What is genetics?

Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in living organisms.

2. What are genes?

Genes are segments of DNA molecules located on chromosomes that provide instructions for the development, function, and reproduction of living organisms.

3. What is DNA?

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-stranded molecule that carries genetic information in the form of a sequence of nucleotides. DNA is the primary component of chromosomes and serves as the blueprint for the development and function of living organisms.

4. How is DNA replicated?

DNA replication occurs during cell division when the DNA strands unwind and separate, and new complementary nucleotides are added to each strand by enzymes called DNA polymerases.

5. What is a mutation?

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that may alter the function of a gene or chromosome. Mutations can be caused by environmental factors such as radiation or chemicals, or they can arise spontaneously during DNA replication.

6. What are dominant and recessive traits?

Dominant traits are those that are expressed when an individual carries one copy of a dominant allele in their genetic makeup. Recessive traits are only expressed when an individual carries two copies of a recessive allele.

7. How are traits inherited?

Traits are inherited through the transmission of genes from parents to offspring. The specific inheritance patterns of traits depend on the type of allele involved and the behavior of the chromosomes during meiosis.

8. What is genetic engineering?

Genetic engineering is the manipulation of DNA molecules to alter or introduce specific genetic traits in an organism. This can involve the addition, deletion, or modification of genes to create desirable traits or eliminate harmful ones.

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