Sister chromatids
one half of a duplicated chromosome; each sister is identical
Sister chromatids are two identical copies of a single DNA molecule that are joined together at a point called the centromere. They are formed during the S phase of the cell cycle when DNA replication occurs. Sister chromatids are important for the accurate distribution of genetic material during cell division.
During cell division, sister chromatids separate from each other and move toward opposite ends of the dividing cell, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the genetic material. This process of separating sister chromatids is called mitosis, and it is a crucial step in the cell division cycle.
Sister chromatids also play an important role in genetic diversity and evolution. During meiosis, a type of cell division that produces gametes (sex cells), sister chromatids exchange genetic material through a process called crossing over. This genetic recombination results in new combinations of genetic material and contributes to the diversity of offspring in sexually reproducing organisms.
More Answers:
Cytokinesis: The Critical Final Stage of the Cell Cycle for Proper Cell Growth and DevelopmentMitosis: The Four Phases of Cell Division Explained
Unraveling the Complex Mechanisms of Chromatin Structure and Regulation: Implications for Gene Expression and Disease