Anaphase
Phase of mitosis in which the sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes (chromatid) from the centromere and move to opposite ends of the cell.
Anaphase is a crucial stage of mitosis or meiosis, during which replicated chromosomes that are attached to the spindle fibers get separated and move away from one another towards the opposite poles of the cell. This is facilitated by the contraction of the microtubules of the spindle fibers that pull the chromosomes apart and move them towards the spindle poles.
During Anaphase, the cohesion protein complex that holds the two sister chromatids together is degraded by an enzyme called separase, allowing the chromosomes to separate into two identical sets of single-stranded chromosomes that are then pulled towards the opposite poles of the spindle.
In animal cells, Anaphase is complete when the microtubules shorten and pull the chromosomes towards the opposite poles, and in turn, elongate the cell. In plant cells, on the other hand, a new cell wall begins to form between the two poles, which, when complete, results in the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells.
Overall, Anaphase is a crucial stage of mitosis or meiosis, and it ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete copy of the genetic information contained within the parent cell.
More Answers:
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