Stomata
Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move
Stomata are small pores or openings on the surface of plant leaves, stems, and other plant parts that allow the exchange of gases, such as carbon dioxide and oxygen, between the plant and its environment.
Stomata are surrounded by two specialized cells known as guard cells, which control the opening and closing of the stomatal pore. The opening and closing of the stomata is regulated by various factors such as light intensity, humidity, and levels of carbon dioxide and water availability.
During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide through the stomata and release oxygen as a byproduct. However, the opening of stomata also allows for significant water loss through transpiration. To conserve water, some plants have evolved mechanisms for adjusting the opening and closing of their stomata depending on environmental conditions.
Overall, stomata play a crucial role in plant survival by facilitating gas exchange for photosynthesis and regulating water loss.
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