Cellular Division: Binary Fission and Mitosis – A Comparative Analysis of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Processes

Cellular division without growth is called _____

Cellular division without growth is called “binary fission” in prokaryotic cells and “mitosis” in eukaryotic cells

Cellular division without growth is called “binary fission” in prokaryotic cells and “mitosis” in eukaryotic cells.

In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, binary fission is the process by which a single cell splits into two identical daughter cells. This occurs without the need for cell growth and is driven by the replication and segregation of the genetic material. During binary fission, the DNA replicates, and the two copies attach to different parts of the cell. The cell then elongates, and the plasma membrane invaginates, leading to the separation of the two DNA copies and the formation of two daughter cells, each containing an identical copy of the original cell’s genetic material.

In eukaryotic cells, such as animal and plant cells, mitosis is the process of cellular division that occurs during growth and repair. However, mitosis can also occur without significant cell growth, called “mitotic division.” Mitotic division is a type of cell division wherein the replicated DNA in the nucleus is segregated into two daughter nuclei, leading to the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells. This process is divided into several phases, including prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Each phase involves the reorganization and proper distribution of the genetic material to ensure the formation of two distinct daughter cells.

In both binary fission and mitosis, the main objective is the division of genetic material into two daughter cells. However, there are differences in the complexity of the process and the organization of the genetic material between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

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