During gene expression, a segment of ___ is transcribed into a single-stranded nucleic acid called ___.
nucleotides ;amino acids
During gene expression, a segment of DNA is transcribed into a single-stranded nucleic acid called RNA. This process occurs when the enzyme RNA polymerase reads the DNA strand and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand by adding nucleotides one-by-one based on the base-pairing rules. The newly synthesized RNA molecule serves as a blueprint for protein synthesis. This process is known as transcription, which is part of the central dogma of molecular biology. The RNA molecule produced can either be messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), or ribosomal RNA (rRNA), depending on its specific function. Ultimately, this process is important in controlling cellular function and determining the characteristics of an organism.
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