what are the two types of polysaccharides?
storage and structural
The two types of polysaccharides are:
1. Structural polysaccharides: These are polysaccharides that provide structural support to cells and tissues. Examples include cellulose, chitin, and peptidoglycan.
– Cellulose is found in the cell walls of plants and is the most abundant organic molecule on Earth. It provides structural support to plant cells and helps to maintain the shape of the plant.
– Chitin is found in the exoskeleton of arthropods (such as insects and crustaceans) as well as in the cell walls of some fungi. It provides structural support and protection to these organisms.
– Peptidoglycan is found in the cell walls of bacteria and provides structural support and protection to these organisms.
2. Energy storage polysaccharides: These are polysaccharides that are used to store energy in cells. Examples include glycogen and starch.
– Glycogen is found in animal cells and is used to store glucose for energy. It is stored in the liver and muscles and can be broken down to release glucose when energy is needed.
– Starch is found in plant cells and is also used to store glucose for energy. It is stored in the form of grains in seeds and tubers and can be broken down to release glucose when energy is needed.
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