Condensation reaction between two monomers to form a polymer.
A condensation reaction is a chemical reaction in which two molecules combine, resulting in the elimination of a small molecule such as water
A condensation reaction is a chemical reaction in which two molecules combine, resulting in the elimination of a small molecule such as water. In the context of polymerization, a condensation reaction can occur between two monomers to form a polymer.
During this condensation polymerization, each monomer contributes functional groups that can react with each other. For example, let’s consider the reaction between two monomers A and B. Monomer A has a functional group, let’s say -OH (hydroxyl group), while monomer B has a complementary functional group, -COOH (carboxyl group).
In the presence of a catalyst or under appropriate conditions, the hydroxyl group of monomer A reacts with the carboxyl group of monomer B, resulting in the formation of an ester linkage, represented as -COO-. This condensation reaction involves the release of a water molecule (H2O) as a byproduct.
The reaction between monomer A and B can be represented as:
Monomer A -OH + Monomer B -COOH → Polymer -COO- + H2O
This reaction can be repeated, with additional monomers joining the growing polymer chain, resulting in the formation of a long-chain polymer. The newly formed ester linkage becomes part of the polymer backbone.
The condensation polymerization process continues until either all the monomers are consumed or the reaction is stopped. The resulting polymer has alternating monomer units connected by ester linkages, forming a three-dimensional network or a linear chain, depending on the specific monomers and conditions used.
Some examples of condensation polymers include polyester, polyamide (nylon), and polyurethane. These polymers exhibit unique properties and have a wide range of applications in various industries, including textiles, plastics, and adhesives.
It is important to note that not all polymers are formed through condensation reactions. In contrast, addition polymerization involves the joining of monomers without the elimination of any byproducts. The specific type of polymerization method used depends on the desired properties and characteristics of the polymer being synthesized.
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